Portugal discovered and colonized the uninhabited Sao Tome and Principe islands in the late 15th century, setting up a sugar-based...

Saint Helena is a British Overseas Territory off the coast of Africa in the South Atlantic Ocean, and it consists...

Rwanda -- a small and centralized country dominated by rugged hills and fertile volcanic soil -- has exerted disproportionate influence...

In ancient and pre-colonial times, the area of present-day Nigeria was occupied by a variety of ethnic groups with different...

Nomadic peoples from the Saharan north and agriculturalists from the south settled present-day Niger. The Taureg kingdom of Takedda was...

Various ethnic groups occupied southwestern Africa prior to Germany establishing a colony over most of the territory in 1884. South...

In the first half of the second millennium A.D., northern Mozambican port towns were frequented by traders from Somalia, Ethiopia,...

In 788, about a century after the Arab conquest of North Africa, a series of Muslim dynasties began to rule...

Although known to Arab and European sailors since at least the early 1500s, the island of Mauritius was uninhabited until...

The Amazigh and Bafour people were among the earliest settlers in what is now Mauritania and among the first in...

Present-day Mali is named after the Mali Empire that ruled the region between the 13th and 16th centuries. At its...