A large portion of present-day Moldovan territory became a province of the Russian Empire in 1812 and then unified with...

With a civilization that dates back thousands of years, Malta boasts some of the oldest megalithic sites in the world....

Founded in 963, Luxembourg became a grand duchy in 1815 and a constituent part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands...

Lithuanian lands were united under MINDAUGAS in 1236; over the next century, Lithuania extended its territory through alliances and conquest...

The Principality of Liechtenstein was established within the Holy Roman Empire in 1719. Occupied by both French and Russian troops...

Several eastern Baltic tribes merged in medieval times to form the ethnic core of the Latvian people (ca. 8th-12th centuries...

The Ottoman Empire took control of Kosovo in 1389 after defeating Serbian forces. Large numbers of Turks and Albanians moved...

Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Duchy of Normandy that held sway in...

This desolate, mountainous island in the Arctic Ocean was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in...

Italy became a nation-state in 1861 when the regional states of the peninsula, along with Sardinia and Sicily, were united...

The Isle of Man was part of the Norwegian Kingdom of the Hebrides until the 13th century, when it was...