The National Police Service (NPS) is established under Article 243 of the Kenyan Constitution. It is a national service responsible for maintaining law and order throughout Kenya. The National Police Service Act and the National Police Service Commission Act further provide for its structure and functions.
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1. Functions of the National Police Service
(a) Constitutional Functions (Article 244)
The National Police Service is mandated to:
- Uphold the highest standards of professionalism and discipline among its officers.
- Prevent corruption and promote transparency and accountability.
- Ensure compliance with human rights standards as per the Constitution.
- Train officers to high levels of competence and integrity.
- Foster and promote positive relationships with society to enhance public trust.
2. Composition of the National Police Service
The National Police Service (NPS) consists of:
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- Kenya Police Service (KPS) – Responsible for general law enforcement.
- Administrative Police Service (APS) – Focuses on specialized security, including border protection and disaster response.
- Directorate of Criminal Investigations (DCI) – Handles investigations, intelligence gathering, and prosecution support.
3. Command Structure of the National Police Service
- Inspector General of Police (IGP) – Heads the National Police Service and is responsible for its independent command.
- Deputy Inspector Generals (DIGs) – Each police branch is led by a DIG:
- Kenya Police Service (KPS) – Led by a Deputy Inspector General.
- Administrative Police Service (APS) – Led by a Deputy Inspector General.
- Directorate of Criminal Investigations (DCI) – Led by the Director of DCI.
4. Additional Responsibilities of the National Police Service
(a) Kenya Police Service (KPS)
- Enforces laws and maintains public order.
- Protects life and property.
- Conducts crime prevention and community policing.
(b) Administrative Police Service (APS)
- Provides border security and counter-terrorism support.
- Protects critical government installations.
- Assists in disaster response and emergency management.
(c) Directorate of Criminal Investigations (DCI)
- Conducts criminal investigations and gathers intelligence.
- Supports prosecution by collecting evidence.
- Investigates corruption, cybercrime, and organized crime.
5. Conclusion
The National Police Service (NPS) is a crucial institution in ensuring law enforcement, public safety, and crime prevention in Kenya. Its mandate focuses on professionalism, accountability, and respect for human rights, while fostering public trust through effective policing.
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